Section: New Results

The Impact of Flow on BCI user training

Participants: Jelena Mladenovic, Jérémy Frey, Manon Bonnet-Save, Fabien Lotte

Major issues in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) include low usability and poor user performance. This paper tackles them by ensuring the users to be in a state of immersion, control and motivation, called state of flow. Indeed, in various disciplines, being in the state of flow was shown to improve performances and learning. Hence, we intended to draw BCI users in a flow state to improve both their subjective experience and their performances. In a Motor Imagery BCI game, we manipulated flow in two ways: 1) by adapting the task difficulty and 2) by using background music. Results showed that the difficulty adaptation induced a higher flow state, however music had no effect. There was a positive correlation between subjective flow scores and offline performance, although the flow factors had no effect (adaptation) or negative effect (music) on online performance. Overall, favoring the flow state seems a promising approach for enhancing users’ satisfaction, although its complexity requires more thorough investigations. This work was published at the international BCI conference [27]

Figure 13. Adaptive BCI user training to maximize the flow state